Koran: the text
Ms.1.
118 folios; 7×9 cm; 5 lines; vocalized muhaqqaq
محقق , chapter-headings in
thuluth ثلث and written in
yellow ink, as can be found in Mamluk manuscripts of the
8th/14th century: compare David James, Qur'ans of the Mamluks
(London 1988). Small dimensions like our Ms. are rare: cf.
James, p. 240 no.47 and 241 no.51. - Thick brownish and spotted
paper, in part damaged, worm-eaten and rubbed, in a few cases
with some loss of text; the first page is replaced by a later
hand who wrote on the inside of the front cover. Binding
repaired. Only the original of the front cover is preserved; it
has in the centre an ornament filled with flowers and remnants
of a geometrical frame of which each corner and the middle of
every side is provided with a small triangle consisting of three
geometrical points. - Paper, script and front cover point to a
Mamluk origin, perhaps the 8th/14th century.
[2001] fols. 1v-18r: al-Qur'an
القرآن , Sura 36.
[2002] fols. 18v-91v: Anonymous: al-Hayakil
al-sab'a الهياكل السبعة .
The text starts abruptly with al-Haykal al-awwal
الهيكل الأول as follows:
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم. الحمد لله
الذي لا ينسى من ذكره ولا يخيب من دعاه والحمد لله الذي إذا توكل
العبد...
Lacunas are at least between fols. 27v and 28r, 48r and 49r, 63v
and 64r, 76v and 77r, 89v and 90r. fol. 55v continues with
al-Haykal al-sadis الهيكل السادس
, fol. 63v with al-Haykal al-sabi'
الهيكل السابع .
The text ends on fol. 91v:
وفرّجْ عني كلّ همّ يا مفرج همّ يعقوب
! فرّج عني يا مفرّج ويا كاشف ضُرّ أيوب اكشف ضُرّي واغلب !
The text is, as the beginning of the first haykal shows,
identical with Ms. Berlin 3665 and with Ms. Princeton 1965; our
Ms. has not, however, the introduction which explains the
marvellous power of the seven hayakil, the prayers and the
praise of God. Nevertheless, our text is apparently longer than
Ms. Berlin 3665/1 and Ms. Princeton 1965; its relation to them
as well as to mss. Berlin 3665/2 and 3666/1 deserves a detailed
investigation. - Our Ms. seems to be the oldest copy so far
known.
[2003] fols. 92r-118v: Prayers, called
hijab حجاب , asking for
protection against evils.
The prayers are ascribed to Musa موسى
(fols.92r-94r), Ali
علي
(fols.94v-102r), Muhammad محمد
(fols.102v-106r) and Ja'far
جعفر
(fols.106v-118v). The text is
different from the prayers called hijab
حجاب or hirz
حرز in mss. Berlin 3892ff. and
Tübingen 178. Noteworthy is the ascription of the prayers to
four of the 12 Shiite Imams: Musa
موسى = Musa al-Kazim موسى
الكاظم (died 183/799),
the 7th Imam; Ali علي = most
probaly Ali Ibn Abi Talib علي بن أبي
طالب (died 40/661), the first
Imam or perhaps Ali al-Rida
علي الرضا (died 203/818),
the 8th Imam or Ali al-Hadi علي
الهادي (died 254/868),
the 10th Imam; Muhammad محمد= Muhammad al-Jawad
محمد الجواد
(died 220/835), the 9th Imam
and Ja'far جعفر = Ja'far
al-Sadiq جعفر الصادق
(died 148/765), the 6th Imam.
See the table in Halm, Schia, p.37. Beginning (after the
Basmala):
توكلت على الله وحده توكلت على الله
الحي القيوم الذي لا يموت وتحصنت...
The text is incomplete at the end.
Koran : qira'a, tajwid, tafsir
قراءة، تجويد، تفسير
Ms.2.
44 folios; 16×22 cm; 17-23 lines; naskhi, different hands;
single words are written in red ink. In part yellowish paper,
slightly damp-stained. Blank pages are fols. 20v, 24v, 33r and
40v. Modern cardboard covers. - The first text was copied in
1143/1731 and collated (ta'liq
تعليق ) during 1152/1740,
perhaps by the commentator (s. below); the third text (fols.
31r-32r) was written in 1199/1784-5 by the author himself (Hafiz
Isma'il حافظ إسماعيل) .
[2004] fols. 1v-20r: al-Qasim Ibn Firroh
al-Shatibi القاسم بن فره الشاطبي
: Hirz al-amani wa-wajh al-tahani = al-Qasida al-Shatibiya
حرز الأماني ووجه التهاني = القصيدة
الشاطبية , with commentary by Hashim Ibn Muhammad
al-Maghribi al-Maliki هاشم بن محمد
المغربي المالكي , called Hisn al-qari' fi ikhtilaf
al-maqari' حصن القارئ في اختلاف
المقارئ .
On al-Shatibi (died 590/1194) and his versification of al-Dani
الداني
(died 444/1053 or earlier),
Kitab al-Taysir fi al-qira'at al-sab'
كتاب التيسير في القراءات السبع , a work on the readings
of the Koran (→ GAL I 407; S I 719) → GAL I 409 no. I and S I
725 no. I. - On Hashim Ibn Muhammad al-Maghribi (studied
1145/1732 in Damascus and 1148/1735 in Istanbul) and on his
still unedited commentary → GAL S II 455 no. 16a/2 (one Ms., not
identified as commentary on the Shatibiya). - According to the
colophon (fol. 20r) the author finished his commentary 17
Sha'ban1143/25 February 1731 and wrote his notes (in addition, a
few notes resulting from a later collation can be found in the
margin) during 9 Shawwal 1152/9 January 1740. As these dates
fall within the lifetime of the commentator Hashim Ibn Muhammad
al-Maghribi, our text is apparently an autograph.
Beginning (after the Basmala):
وبه العون وعليه التكلان. الحمد لله
والصلوة والسلام على رسول الله. وبعد فهذا تقييد قصدت به بيان ما
اختلف فيه من أوجه القراءات من طريق الشاطبية..
End:
وينبغي أن يكون هو الداعي ويعتني
بالأدعية المأثورة في ذلك أيضا. هذا آخر ما التزمت تحريره بحسب
الطاقة ولله الحمد.
[2005] fols. 21r-30v: Notes on the qira'at
قراءات of the Koran and (fol.
29r) on the reciters.
[2006] fols. 31r-32r: Hafiz Isma'il
حافظ إسماعيل : Risalat
al-Takbir رسالة التكبير .
The author of this small text on the recitation of the Takbir
cannot be identified. He wrote it in 1199/1784-5, the date of
this copy.
[2007] fol. 32v: Anonymous: Fasl fi jam'
al-qur'an muntakhaban min al-Suyuti
فصل في جمع القرآن منتخبا من السيوطي , in Turkish.
[2008] fols. 33v-40r: Husayn al-Aghirnasi
(?) حسين الأغرناسي : Bab waqf
Hamza wa-Hisham ala al-Hamza باب وقف
حمزة وهشام على الهمزة .
A treatise on the Hamza used in the pausal form. The author
cannot be identified.
[2009] fol. 41r: A fragment from a work on
the recitation of the Koran.
[2010] fols. 41v-44r: An anonymous treatise
on the madd مد , i.e. on the drawing out of the voice over long
vowels in the Koran recitation, in Turkish.
The text is followed by a later note on fol. 44v, in Turkish.
Ms. 3.
12 folios; 15,2×22,6 cm; 15 lines; clearly written naskhi,
tending to ruq'a. Single words and sentences are written in red
ink. European paper with the Italian watermark Azzuoli.
Cardboard covers. Copied 19 Dhu al-Qa'da 1306/17 July 1889 by
Ibn Mudawwir Qasim.
[2011] fols. 1v-12v: Muhammad al-Maydani
محمد الميداني : al-Muqaddima
al-Maydaniya fi ilm al-tajwid المقدمة
الميدانية في علم التجويد= Qawa'id al-tajwid
قواعد التجويد , with
commentary (sharh شرح ) by Ali
Ibn Ahmad al-Tadmuri al-Shafi'i al-Qadiri al-Ash'ari
علي بن أحمد التدمري الشافعي القادري
الأشعري .
On al-Maydani (died 923/1517) and his not yet published short
collection of principles used in the recitation of the Koran →
GAL II 203; S II 279 (Shams al-Din Ahmad Ibn Nusayr al-Maydani
al-Muqri' al-Darir شمس الدين أحمد
بن نصير الميداني المقرئ الضرير
; 2 mss.) and Kahhale XII 77
(Shams al-Din Muhammad Ibn Nasr al-Dimashqi al-Maydani al-Darir
شمس الدين محمد بن نصر الدمشقي
الميداني الضرير ). The author of the commentary is
mentioned by Muhammad Ibn Ali al-Muradi
محمد بن علي المرادي
(died 1206/1791), Silk
al-durar fi a'yan al-qarn al-thani ashar
سلك الدرر في أعيان القرن الثاني عشر
(Cairo 1874-1883), vol. III,
202f.; he died on 12 Safar 1131/4 January 1719.
Beginning (after the Basmala):
الحمد لله الفتاح العليم المان على
العباد باللطف العميم... وبعد فيقول راجي العفو... على ابن الشيخ
أحمد التدمري بلدا الشافعي مذهبا القادري طريقة الأشعري معتقدا :
قد التمس مني بعض الأعزّة على أن أشرح لهم المقدمة الميدانية في
علم التجويد.. قال المؤلّف رحمه الله تعالى : بسم الله أي الف
والاسم مشتقّ من السمو..
End:
وإليه المرجع والمآب وهو حسبي ونعم
الوكيل ولا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله العلي العظيم وصلى الله على
سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم تسليما كثيرا. تمّ هذا الشرح بعون
الله تعالى فأحسن توفيقه في اليوم ١٩ ذي القعدة الحرام سنة ١٣٠٦
على يد كاتبه الحقير المرتجي عفوا لملك العالم ابن مدور قاسم.
The text by al-Maydani is identical with Ms. Berlin 529. - A
second copy of the commentary is Zahiriya no. 355; → Fahras
makhtutat Dar al-Kutub al-Zahiriya
فهرس مخطوطات دار الكتب الظاهرية , Ulum al-Qur'an
علوم القرآن , ed. Izzat Hasan
عزة حسن
(Damascus 1381/1962), p. 50.
Ms. 4.
150 folios; 25,5×17cm; 21 lines; naskhi. Single words are
written in red ink. Black half-leather binding
(repaired). Paper in part worm-eaten. Lacuna after fols.
115v, 123v, 145v, 146v and at the end. Hand of the 9th/15th
century.
[2012] Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
فخر الدين الرازي : Mafatih
al-ghayb مفاتيح الغيب or
al-Tafsir al-kabir التفسير الكبير
, commentary on Sura 6.
On this fragment (= ed. Cairo 1308/1890, vol. IV, pp.2, 16-175,
18, with some lacunas) and on the author (died 606/1209) → GAL I
506 no. III and S I 922 no. III. On Fakhr al-Din al-Razi as
commentator → Muhsin Abd al-Hamid
محسن عبد الحميد , al-Razi mufassiran ا
لرازي مفسرا , Baghdad
1394/1974; J. Jomier, Les Mafatih al-Ghayb de l'imam Fakhr
al-Din al-Razi: quelques dates, lieux, manuscrits, in: Mélanges
de l'Institut Dominicaine d'études orientales du Caire 13, 1977,
pp.253-290; Y. Ceylan, Theology and Tafsir in the major works of
Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi, thesis Edinburgh 1980.
Ms. 5.
10 folios; 13,1×17,9 cm; 19 lines; clearly written naskhi.
Single words are written in red ink. Somewhat brownish and thick
paper. Copied (ta'liq) on 16 Rajab 921/26 August 1515.
[2013] fols. 1v-10r: al-Molla Khalil Allah
al-Ajami الملا خليل الله العجمي
: Silk al-durar fi inshiqaq al-qamar
سلك الدرر في انشقاق القمر .
On the author (lived in Aleppo; died 908/1502) → Kahhale IV 129
(Khalil Ibn Nur Allah al-Shafi'i al-ma'ruf bi-Molla Khalil Allah
خليل بن نور الله الشافعي المعروف بملا
خليل الله ). - According to Najm al-Din al-Ghazzi
نجم الدين الغزي
(died 1061/1651), al-Kawakib
al-sa'ira bi-manaqib ulama' al-mi'a al-ashira
الكواكب السائرة بمناقب علماء المئة
العاشرة (ed. Jibra'il
Sulayman Jabbur جبرائيل سليمان جبور
, Beirut 1945) I, 190, 19-20 and Abd al-Hayy Ibn al-Imad
al-Hanbali عبد الحي بن العماد الحنبلي
(died 1089/1678), Shadharat
شذرات VIII, p.39, 1-3, the
author wrote on Koranic expressions like rabb al-mashriqayn
wa-rabb al-maghribayn رب المشرقين ورب
المغربين (Sura 55, 17/16),
rabb al-mashriq wa-al-maghrib رب
المشرق والمغرب (Sura 26,
28/27) and rabb al-mashariq wa-al-magharib
رب المشارق والمغارب
(Sura 70, 40). Yet neither of
these historians, up to now our only sources on Molla Khalil
Allah, mention our treatise, a sophisticated interpretation of
the splitting of the moon (mentioned in Sura 54, 1), by
referring to earlier interpretations by commentators of the
Koran (e.g. al-Baydawi البيضاوي
and the Sufis), but also to philosophers like Aristotle, Abu
Nasr al-Farabi أبو نصر الفارابي
and Ibn Sina ابن سينا
(fol. 6v).
Beginning (after the Basmala):
وبه ثقتي. الحمد لله الواجب الذي أفاض
على الممكنات رشحة من أنوار جماله ولمعة من أشعّة جلاله... وبعد :
فهذه أقمار معان دقيقة طلعت من أفق سماء الحقيقة... فاستقام رأي
واستقرّ على أن أدرج هذه الفرائد المتعلقة بانشقاق القمر في سلك
النظام فجاءت بتوفيق الخبير العلام رسالة مشتملة على أكثر ما قاله
السلف في تأليفاتهم وعلى ما لم يوجد في تعليقاتهم وسميتها بسلك
الدرر في شقّ القمر،
End:
والله مفيض لكل جدير وبيده أزمة
التقدير وهو على ما شاء قدير والصلوة والسلام على محمد شفيع الأمة
وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين والتوكل على الله ربّ العالمين.
The text is collated.
Other mss. on qira'a, tajwid and tafsir: → text nos.
[2044],
[2069],
[2070],
[2292],
[2332],
[2356],
[2371],
[2372],
[2374],
[2392],
[2407] and
[2427].
Hadith حديث
Ms. 6.
20 folios; 15,1×20,5 cm; 21-30 lines; clearly written naskhi;
single words and sentences are written in red ink. The text is
within a red frame and collated. Smooth paper; the margin is cut
(with some loss of text of the notes on fols. 11v, 12r and 12v).
Hand of the 13th/19th century.
[2014] fols. 1v-11r: Ibn Farah
al-Ishbili ابن فرح الإشبيلي :
Qasida (manzuma) ghazaliya (gharamiya) fi alqab al-hadith =
Gharami sahih قصيدة (منظومة) غزلية
(غرامية) في ألقاب الحديث = غرامي صحيح , with
anonymous commentary.
On Ibn Farah al-Ishbili (died 699/1300) and his poem in which
terms from the science of hadith are used in puns → GAL I 372; S
I 635. The commentary cannot be identified and contrary to a
note on fol. 1r it is not written by al-Qarafi
القرافي . As the text quotes
verbatim from Qarafi's commentary (→ the following text and
compare e.g. 2r14 with 11v6f.) it must have been composed after
962/1555. It is different from the commentary by Muhammad Ibn
Muhammad Ibn al-Amir al-Kabir محمد بن
محمد بن الأمير الكبير (died
1232/1816): → Ms. Berlin 1059. Its identity with one of
the commentaries mentioned in GAL S I 635 I nos. 6-14 is
unclear.
Beginning (after the Basmala):
هذه تلويحات رشيقة وتلميحات أنيقة
توضيح من قصيدة ابن فرح الإشبيلي معانيها عليها من إيهام
التورية... قال متيمنا بسم متعلق في كل مقام بدئ بفعل...
End:
وهو إبراهيم، الله أعلم وصلى الله على
سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم تسليما كثيرا إلى يوم الدين آمين
يا ربّ العالمين. تمّ الشرح المبارك بعون الله تعالى والحمد لله
وحده وصلى الله وسلم على من لا نبي بعده.
[2015] fols. 11r-17r: Ibn Farah al-Ishbili
ابن فرح الإشبيلي : Qasida
ghazaliya fi alqab al-hadith قصيدة
غزلية في ألقاب الحديث (→
above), with commentary (sharh
شرح ) by Yahya Ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Isfahani al-Qarafi
al-Zabidi يحيى بن عبد الرحمن
الإصفهاني القرافي الزبيدي .
On Qarafi and his commentary (composed 962/1555) → GAL I 372 no.
I 3 and S I 635 no. I 3. - The front page (fol. 1r) wrongly
attributes the commentary to Ibn Jama'a
ابن جماعة . However, compare
Ms. Berlin 1056.
Ms.7.
30 folios; 16×21 cm; 17 lines; naskhi, single sentences are
overlined in red; brownish paper. Modern cardboard covers.
Copied in the second half of the month Shawwal 1134/first half
of August 1722 by Fath Allah Ibn Mahmud al-Mawsili (→ below).
[2016] fol. 1r: Some short excerpts from
al-Zarkshi الزركشي
(died 794/1392), al-Qawa'id
القواعد
(fi al-furu'
في الفروع ; → GAL S II 108 no.
15a); from al-Qastallani القسطلاني
(died 923/1517), Sharh
al-Bukhari = Irshad al-sari شرح
البخاري = إرشاد الساري , a commentary on al-Bukhari
البخاري
(died 256/870), al-Jami'
al-sahih الجامع الصحيح , a
collection of traditions; from Hisn al-hasin
حصن الحصين = apparently
al-Hisn al-hasin min kalam sayyid al-mursalin
الحصن الحصين من كلام سيد المرسلين
by Shams al-Din al-Jazari شمس الدين
الجزري (died 833/1429; → GAL
II 203 no. 19) and from al-Baydawi
البيضاوي
(died ca. 685/1286), al-Ghaya
al-quswa الغاية القصوى
(→ GAL I 418 no. III).
[2017] fols. 1v-30r: Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
ابن حجر العسقلاني : al-Tawdih
التوضيح or Nuzhat al-nazar
نزهة النظر .
The text is a commentary by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (died
852/1448) on his own Nukhbat al-fikar fi mustalah al-athar
نخبة الفكر في مصطلح الأثر, a
summary of Ibn al-Salah al-Shahrazuri
ابن الصلاح الشهرزوري (died
643/1243), Kitab Aqsa al-amal wa-al-shawq fi ulum hadith
al-rasul = Kitab Ma'rifat anwa' ilm (ulum) al-hadith
كتاب أقصى الأمل والشوق في علوم حديث
الرسول = كتاب معرفة أنواع علم (علوم) الحديث ; →GAL I 359
no. 1 e; S I 611 no. 1 e.
This commentated treatise on technical terms used in the science
of Hadith was dictated by Ibn Hajar to his pupils in Cairo; fol.
30v gives an authorization (ijaza
إجازة ) of the transmitted text by offering a chain of
transmitters which ends with Fath Allah Ibn al-Shaykh Mahmud
al-Mawsili al-Hanafi فتح الله بن
الشيخ محمود الموصلي الحنفي and mentions as date Shawwal
1134/July-August 1722. The title is not mentioned in our Ms.
which, as Ms. Berlin 1096, on fol. 1r in the margin mentions the
title Kitab Nukhbat al-fikar fi mustalah al-athar
كتاب نخبة الفكر في مصطلح الأثر
; this information should be supplemented by the addition ma'a
sharhiha مع شرحها . The
correct title is given by Hajji Khalifa II, col. 1936.
In the margin are some notes.
Ms. 8.
16 folios; 18,5×12 cm; 19 lines; regular, clearly written
naskhi. Smooth, somewhat brownish and spotted paper. Copied
1122/1710 (fols. 6v and 15r).
[2018] fols. 1v-6v: al-Birkawi
البركوي (al-Birgiliالبرگلي)
: Risala fi usul al-hadith رسالة في
أصول الحديث.
On the author (died 981/1573) and this treatise on the structure
and criteria of Hadith → GAL II 440 (= II2 584) no. 8; S
II 654 no. 8 (mentions some old editions of the 19th century). A
different hand mentions on fols. 1r and 6v as author "Sharif
Muhammad al-Uzbeki شريف محمد الأوزبكي
". This is wrong, as a comparison with beginning and end
of mss. preserved in Turkish libraries shows: → Türkiye
yazmalari toplu kataloğu 07/II (Istanbul 1982) nos. 968 and 969.
Beginning (after the Basmala):
اعلم أيها الطالب الصادق أن لأهل
الحديث اصطلاحات لا بدّ من معرفتها لمن أراد أن يطلع مرادهم من
اطلاقاتهم...
End:
... فصلنها إزالة لحيرتهم. الحمد لله
الذي هدانا لهذا وما كنا لنهتدي لولا أن هدانا الله.
[2019] fols. 6v-15v: Ibn al-Salah
al-Shahrazuri ابن الصلاح الشهرزوري
: Kitab Aqsa al-amal wa-al-shawq fi ulum hadith al-rasul
= Kitab Ma'rifat anwa' al-ulum = Muqaddima fi ulum al-hadith
كتاب أقصى الأمل والشوق في علوم حديث
الرسول = كتاب معرفة أنواع العلوم = مقدمة في علوم الحديث ,
an extract made by As'ad Ibn al-Jalal al-Asradi
أسعد بن الجلال الأسرادي .
According to the colophon (fol. 15v) the extract was written
during the year 832/1428-9. The author, al-Asradi cannot be
identified and is not mentioned in any bio-bibliographical
source. - On Ibn al-Salah (died 643/1243) and his work about the
science of Hadith, a most popular and often extracted and
commentated textbook, → GAL I 359; S I 610-612.
Beginning (after the Basmala):
واعتصم بكرمه العميم. الحمد لله الهادي
من استهداه الواقي من اتقاه الكافي... أما بعد : فقد قال ابن
الصلاح في مقدمته : هذا كتاب معرفة أنواع علم الحديث وكشف لأسراره
الخفية... وبعد : اعلم - علّمك الله ما لم تعلم - أن الحديث عند
أهله ينقسم إلى صحيح وحس وضعيف...
End:
فلا مزيد لك على قدر إدراك الكهان. تمت
الرسالة الشريفة هذا ما نقدته والتقطته من كتاب المقدمة للشيخ
الإمام أعني ابن الصلاح وأنا العبد الفقير إلى المولى الغني المدعو
بأسعد بن الجلال الأسرادي (الأسراري ؟) رزقه الله علما نافعا وعملا
رافعا في سنة ٨٣٢.
[2020] On fol. 16v follows a short note
entitled Fi bayan suhuf munzala في
بيان صحف منزلة .
Beginning:
صحف آدم عليه السلام خمسون وكل صحيفة
خمسون سورة وكل سورة ألف آية باللسان الهندي. صحف شيث عليه السلام
خمسون صحيفة...
End:
فرقان محمد عليه السلام أربع عشر ومائة
سورة باللسان العربي.
Ms. 9.
22 folios; 12×18 cm; Turkish naskhi; single words are written in
red ink. The text is within a red frame. The paper is stained
with water and in part spotted. On fol. 22 Waqf Hajji Nu'man
(?). Copied 1053/1643.
[2021] fols. 1v-22r: Anonymous: Arba'un
hadithan أربعون حديثا .
Two more copies of this still unedited collection of traditions,
one of them dated Dhu al-Qa'da 1124/November 1712, are in
Princeton (Garret collection no. 747). The text is preceded by a
short prayer and by a note in Turkish.
Ms. 10.
261 folios; 16,3×21,1 cm; ±23 lines; naskhi; single words are
written in red ink. Thick, slightly yellowish paper. The first
folios are slightly waterstained. Original leather binding,
slightly damaged and spotted; covers and flap with frame and
centre-ornament. According to a note on fol. 1r, the Ms. was
collated during 1224/1809 by Muhammad Ibn al-Hajj Umar in the
village Kafarsusiya (near Damascus; → Ya'qut, Mu'jam al-buldan,
ed. F. Wüstenfeld IV, Leipzig 1869, p.288). Hand of the
12th/18th century.
[2022] fols. 1v-261v: Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Ibn
Mar'i Ibn Atiya al-Shabrakhiti al-Maliki
أبو إسحق إبراهيم بن مرعي بن عطية
الشبرخيتي المالكي : Kitab al-Futuhat al-wahbiya bi-sharh
al-Arba'in al-Nawawiya كتاب الفتوحات
الوهبية بشرح الأربعين النووية .
The author (died 1106/1697) is given as having the name Burhan
al-Din Ibrahim Ibn Mar'i al-Shabrakhiti al-Maliki
برهان الدين إبراهيم بن مرعي الشبرخيتي
المالكيin GAL II 318 and S II 438. The titles al-Futuhat
al-wahbiya الفتوحات الوهبية
and Sharh al-Arba'in al-Nawawiya شرح
الأربعين النووية are erroneously mentioned in GAL as
separate books. Both refer to the same book, as can be seen from
our Ms. The still unpublished text is a very extensive
commentary on the Kitab al-Arba'in hadithan
كتاب الأربعين حديثا , a
collection of 40 or 41 traditions made by al-Nawawi
النووي
(died 676/1277); → GAL I 396 no. IX
16 and S I 683 no.16. - Nawawi's own commentary on his
collection of traditions has now been published, together with
the Arba'in hadithan, and translated into French by Louis
Pouzet, Une herménutique de la tradition islamique. Le
commentaire des Arba'in al-Nawawiya de Muhyi al-Din Yahya
al-Nawawi (m. 676/1277), Beyrouth 1982.
Other mss. on Hadith: → text nos.
[2045],
[2078],
[2096],
[2102],
[2206],
[2321],
[2389](fol.265r),
[2393],
[2402],
[2414],
[2415],
[2419],
[2453] and
[2456].
Fiqh: usul أصول
Ms. 11.
16 folios; 15,5×23 cm; naskhi; single sentences are written in
red ink. Yellowish paper. Cardboard covers. Copied by Ibn Murur
Qasim on 3 Dhu al-Qa'da 1298/27 September 1881.
[2023] fols. 1v-16v: Abu al-Ma'ali Abd
al-Malik Ibn Abd Allah al-Juwayni Imam al-Haramayn
أبو المعالي عبد الملك بن عبد الله
الجويني إمام الحرمين : Kitab al-Waraqat
كتاب الورقات , with commentary
(sharh شرح ) by Jalal al-Din
Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Mahalli
جلال الدين بن محمد بن أحمد المحلي .
On al-Juwayni (died 478/1085) and his treatise on the principles
of law (usul al-fiqh أصول
الفقه ), commented by al-Mahalli (died 864/1460) → GAL I
389 no. I/2 and S I 671 no. I/2. An edition of text and
commentary was published 1970 in Hama by Khidr Muhammad
al-Lajami خضر محمد اللجمي ,
Thamarat ala al-Waraqat, wa-hiya ta'liqat ala al-Waraqat
lil-Imam al-Juwayni wa-ala sharhiha lil-Imam al-Mahalli
ثمرات على الورقات، وهي تعليقات على
الورقات للإمام الجويني وعلى شرحها للإمام المحلي . → text
no.
[2098].
Ms. 12.
110 folios; 17,5×22 cm; 7 lines; naskhi; single words are
written in red ink. Smooth paper with the Russian watermark
Fabriki Sergjeva no. 6, slightly stained with water. Original
brown leather binding, made from one piece; spine slightly
damaged. Copied Ramadan 1138/May 1726 by Abd al-Aziz Ibn Ahundul
(?) Abd al-Wahid in Herat.
[2024] fols. 2v-109r: Abu Bakr al-Shashi =
Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn al-Husayn Ibn Umar al-Shashi
al-Qaffal أبو بكر الشاشي = أبو بكر
محمد بن أحمد بن الحسين بن عمر الشاشي القفال , called
Fakhr al-Islam al-Mustazhiri فخر
الإسلام المستظهري : Kitab Usul al-fiqh al-musamma
al-Shashi كتاب أصول الفقه المسمى
الشاشي .
The colophon mentions this title and "Abu Bakr al-Shashi" as
author. As the bio-bibliographical sources list quite a lot of
names of jurists from Shash شاش
(Tashkent) which contain the same kunya, it is helpful to have a
look at the sources quoted or mentioned in the text in order to
identify the author. We find al-Shafi'i
الشافعي
(3v, 4v, 11r, 50r, 53v, 57r, 69r,
70r, 71r, 81r, 86r), Abu Hanifa
أبو حنيفة
(9v, 11v, 16r, 46r, 55r, 57r-v, 64v,
81r, 109r), Abu Yusuf أبو
يوسف (32v, 64v, 74r),
Muhammad al-Shaybani محمد الشيباني
, in part his Kitab al-siyar al-kabir
كتاب السير الكبير or his
al-Jami' al-kabir الجامع الكبير
(38r, 54r, 58v, 64v, 66r),
Malik Ibn Anas مالك بن أنس or
the Malikiya مالكية
(57r, 76v); finally
al-Karkhi الكرخي
(38v) and al-Hamasi
الحماسي
(35r): these two sources
belong to a later period. al-Karkhi is apparently identical with
Abu al-Hasan Ubayd Allah Ibn al-Husayn Ibn Dallal al-Karkhi
أبو الحسن عبيد الله بن الحسين بن دلال
الكرخي , a Hanafite faqih
فقيه (260/873 - 340/952);
al-Hamasi is perhaps identical with al-Hasan Ibn Harb
الحسن بن حرب (wrote ca.
400/1010; → GAS I 499) whose nisba in Hajji Khalifa is misread
by the editor G. Flügel (III, p. 637, no. 7300) as al-Hassani
الحساني and in the edition of
Istanbul (II 1010) as
الحوـي . According to Hajji
Khalifa, al-Hasan Ibn Harb refers to the doctrines of al-Shafi'i
and Abu Hanifa. This can be confirmed by our Ms.
More important, however, is the mention of "al-Qadi al-Imam Abu
Zayd al-Marwazi القاضي الإمام أبو زيد
المروزي " on fol. 104r: this scholar was a teacher of Abu
Bakr Abd Allah Ibn Ahmad Ibn Abd Allah al-Marwazi al-Qaffal
al-saghir أبو بكر عبد الله بن أحمد بن
عبد الله المروزي القفال الصغير (→ Ibn al-Imad, Shadharat
III, 208, 4) who died 417/1026 (→ GAS I 500f.); he was a pupil
of the jurist and Hadith-scholar Abu Mansur al-Azdi al-Muhallabi
al-Marwi أبو منصور الأزدي المهلبي
المروي who died 410/1019 (→ Subk , Tabaqat II, 196,
12f.). The quotation of Abu Zayd al-Marwazi in our text enables
us to date its author to the 11th century. This date can be
confirmed and specified by a reference to the Shafi'ite Ibn
al-Sabbagh ابن الصباغ and his
Kitab al-Shamil كتاب الشامل on
fol. 86r, 2f.; Abu Nasr Abd al-Sayyid Ibn Muhammad Ibn
al-Sabbagh أبو نصر عبد السيد بن محمد
بن الصباغ was born in 400/1009 in Baghdad and died in
1083 (→ GAL I 388; S I 671). Therefore, Abu Bakr al-Shashi
cannot be identical with the Hanafite Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim
al-Shashi al-Samarqandi إسحق بن
إبراهيم الشاشي السمرقندي who is said to have died during
325/937 (→ GAL I 174; S I 294) and who is said to have written
the Kitab al-Usul كتاب الأصول
which is attributed to him in the editions of our text published
in India (e.g. Lucknow 1293/1876). The old editions of our Ms.
which were published in India between 1264/1848 and 1302/1885 (→
GAL I 174; S I 294), attribute the text to Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim
al-Shashi apparently by following Abd al-Qadir Abu al-Wafa'
al-Qurashi عبد القادر أبو الوفاء
القرشي (died 775/1373),
al-Jawahir al-mudi'a fi tabaqat al-Hanafiya
الجواهر المضيئة في طبقات الحنفية
(I, Haydarabad 1332/1913, p.136)
and his epitomator, an Indian scholar from Lucknow, Abd al-Hayy
al-Laknawi عبد الحي اللكنوي
(died 1304/1886), who in his
al-Fawa'id al-bahiya fi tarajim al-Hanafiya
الفوائد البهية في تراجم الحنفية
(published in India 1293/1876; → GAL
S II 645 no. 13 and 857 no. 34 par. 15) repeated the
information given by Abu al-Wafa' al-Qurashi (→ GAL S I 294).
This report cannot be confirmed, however, by other
bio-bibliographical sources; Sezgin (GAS I) with good reasons
omitted any article on a Hanafite scholar called "Ishaq Ibn
Ibrahim al-Shashi . Sezgin attributed the Kitab al-Usul to Nizam
al-Din al-Shashi نظام الدين الشاشي
from the 7th/13th century and based his attribution on the
information given by the catalogue in Patna (Bankipore). In
spite of this information and in spite of the attribution of the
Kitab al-Usul to Badr al-Din al-Shashi al-Shirwani
بدر الدين الشاشي الشرواني from
the 8th/14th or 9th/15th century in the Ms. Peshawar 592,
Brockelmann keeps to the above mentioned early date of the Kitab
al-Usul and its attribution to Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim al-Shashi
al-Samarqandi (→ GAL I 174
no.8); in GAL S I 294 he therefore explained the reference to
Ibn al-Sabbagh as a late interpolation. Ignaz Goldziher (in:
ZDMG 71,1917, p.443), however, had already doubted the
correctness of the given year of the death of Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim
al-Shashi al-Samarqandi. Sezgin (GAS I 498 no.1) accepted the
above mentioned late date and the authorship as given in the
catalogue of Patna.
In view of the above-given enumeration of sources and
authorities quoted in the Ms. the proposed solutions are no
longer acceptable. A recently (Beirut1982) published
(uncritical) edition by Khalil al-Mayyis
خليل الميس attributed the text
to Abu Ali Ahmad Ibn Muhammad al-Shashi
أبو علي أحمد بن محمد الشاشي
(died 344/955), without
offering convincing arguments. The text is printed (without
text-critical notes), together with a commentary by Muhammad
Fayd al-Hasan al-Kankuhi = Muhammad Fayz Allah Ganguhi
محمد فيض الحسن الكنكوهي = محمد فيظ
الله گنگوهي an Indian scholar from the beginning of the
20th century (→ GAL S I 267). As already proposed by R. Levy in
his Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the
India Office II/3 (London 1936), Ms. no. 1439, the Usul
al-Shashi أصول الشاشي most
probably was written by Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn
al-Husayn Ibn Umar al-Shashi al-Qaffal, with the cognomen Fakhr
al-Islam al-Mustazhiri
(429/1037-507/1113; → Subki, Tabaqat VI 70ff.; GAL I 390f.; S I
674). Brockelmann mentions among the works of Ibn Umar
al-Shashi al-Qaffal ابن عمر الشاشي
القفال the Kitab al-Usul and its alternative title Kitab
al-Khamsin fi usul al-Hanafiya كتاب
الخمسين في أصول الحنفية ; he enumerates some old editions
published in India without witting upon the identity with the
Kitab al-Usul attributed elsewhere (→ GAL I 174; S I 294) to
Ishaq Ibn Ibrahim al-Shashi.
The ascription of the Usul al-Shashi to Ibn Umar al-Shashi
al-Qaffal from the 5th/11th century can be corroborated by an
additional demonstration of its non-identity with Muhammad Ibn
Ali Ibn Isma'il al-Qaffal al-kabir al-Shashi
محمد بن علي بن إسماعيل القفال الكبير
ا لشاشي (291/904-365/975),
Mahasin al-shari'a fi furu' al-Shafi'iya
محاسن الشريعة في فروع الشافعية
(mentioned GAS I 498 no.2): the quotations from the Bab
al-najasat باب النجاسات in
Subki, Tabaqat II, 79 cannot be found in our Ms. and its
beginning (→ Ms. Saray Ahmet (Istanbul) III, 1317/Catalogue II,
308) differs from our Ms. - In view of these observations, our
Ms. is most probably also different from the Kitab fi usul
al-fiqh which Subki (Tabaqat III, 200, 17) mentions among the
works of al-Qaffal al-kabir al-Shashi.
Finally, our Ms. cannot be identical with Abu Bakr Abd Allah Ibn
Ahmad Ibn Abd Allah al-Marwazi al-Qaffal al-saghir
أبو بكر عبد الله بن أحمد بن عبد
الله المروزي القفال الصغير(327/938-417/1026;
→ GAS I 500f.), al-Fatawa
الفتاوى of which one ms. is preserved
(Süleymaniye, Istanbul 675, fols. 1-122v; copied 895/1489-1490.
→ GAS I 501): the quotation from this work in Subki
السبكي , Tabaqat
طبقات II, 134, 8ff. cannot
be found in our ms.
Future research into the contents of the Usul al-Shashi, other
works by the same author (→ GAL) and their historical context
may give more evidence of the author's starting-point from the
discussions held in the 5th/11th century. These discussions on
the principles of law culminated in the efforts of Ghazzali
الغزالي a contemporary of
Ibn Umar al-Shashi al-Qaffal, to create a more elaborate concept
of ijtihad اجتهاد , i.e. of
independent legal judgement which must be based on ilm
علم : → I. Goldziher,
Streitschrift des Ghazali gegen die Batinijja-Sekte (Leiden
1956), pp. 86ff.; art. Idjtihad in EI2 and the Usul al-Shashi,
fols. 76r-v. Enumeration of the chapters in our Ms.:
fols.3r-74v: al-bahth al-awwal fi Kitab Allah
البحث الأول في كتاب الله
: fasl al-khass wa-al-amm فصل
الخاصوالعام (3r);
fasl fi al-mutlaq wa-al-muqayyad
فصل في المطلق والمقيد
(7v); fasl fi al-mushtarak
فصل في المشترك
(10v); fasl fi al-haqiqa
wa-al-majaz فصل في الحقيقة والمجاز
(13r); fasl fi ta'rif
فصل في تعريف
(17r); fasl fi al-sarih
wa-al-kinaya فصل في الصريح
والكناية (19v); fasl
fi al-taqabulat فصل في التقابلات
(21r); fasl fi
muta'alliqat al-nusus فصل في متعلقات
النصوص (29r);
fasl: ikhtalafa al-nas fi al-amr al-mutlaq
فصل : اختلف الناس في الأمر المطلق
(34v); fasl
al-amr bi-al-fi'l فصل الأمر بالفعل
(36r); fasl : inna
l-amr bi-al-shay' yadullu ala husn al-ma'mur bihi
فصل : إن الأمر بالشيء يدل على حسن
المأمور به (40v);
fasl fi hukm al-wajib bi-hukm al-amr
فصل في حكم الواجب بحكم الأمر
(42r); fasl fi nahy
فصل في نهي
(47r); fasl fi ta'rif tariq
al-murad bi-al-nusus فصل في تعريف
طريق المراد بالنصوص
(50r); fasl fi ta'rif huruf al-ma'ani
فصل في تعريف حروف المعاني
(53v); fasl al-fa'
lil-ta'ib wa-al-wasl فصل الفاء للتعيب
والوصل (55r);
fasl kalima thumma lil-tarakhi فصل
كلمة ثم للتراخي
(57r); fasl kalima bal li-tadaruk al-ghalat
فصل كلمة بل لتدارك الغلط
(57v); fasl fi kalima
hatta فصل في كلمة حتى
(61v); fasl kalima
ila al-intiha' فصل كلمة إلى
الانتهاء (62v);
fasl fi kalima ala kalima فصل في
كلمة على كلمة (63v);
fasl fi kalima fi kalima فصل في
كلمة في كلمة (64r);
fasl fi harf al-ba' فصل في حرف الباء
(66v); fasl fi bayan
al-taghyir فصل في بيان التغيير
(68v); fasl wa-amma bayan
al-hal fa-mithaluhu... فصل وأما
بيان الحال فمثاله (72v).
74v-79v al-bahth al-thani fi sunnat rasul Allah
البحث الثاني في سنة رسول الله
: fasl fi aqsam al-khabar فخل في
أقسام الخبر (74v);
79v-85r al-bahth al-thalith fi al-ijma'
البحث الثالث في الإجماع :
fasl thumma ba'da dhalika naw'un gharibun min al-ijma'
فصل ثم بعد ذلك نوع غريب من الإجماع
(81v); fasl al-wajib ala
al-mujtahid talb hukm al-haditha min Kitab Allah thumma min
sunnat rasul Allah bi-sarih al-nass aw bi-dalalatihi ala ma
marra dhikruhuma فصل الواجب على
المجتهد طلب حكم الحديثة من كتاب الله ثم من سنة رسول الله بصريح
النص أو بدلالته على ما مر ذكرهما
(83r);
85r-109r al-bahth al-rabi' fi al-qiyas
البحث الرابع في القياس : fasl
shurut sihhat al-qiyas khamsa فصل
شروط صحة القياس خمسة (86v);
fasl al-ahkam al-shar'iya فصل
الأحكام الشرعية (100v);
fasl qala al-qadi al-Imam Abu Zayd: al-mawani' arba'at aqsam
فصل قال القاضي الإمام أبو زيد :
الموانع أربعة أقسام (103v);
fasl al-fard lughatan huwa-al-qat' wa-al-taqdir wa-mafrudat
al-shar' muqaddaratuh فصل الفرض لغة
هو القطع والتقدير ومفروضات الشرع مقدرته
(105r).
Beginning (after the Basmala):
الحمد لله الذي أعلى منزلة المؤمنين...
وبعد : فإنّ أصول الفقه أربعة : كتاب الله تعالى وسنّة رسوله
وإجماع الأمّة والقياس فلا بدّ من البحث في كل واحد من هذه الأقسام
ليعلم بذلك طريق تخريج الأحكام. والبحث الأول : ...
End:
قال : ما بال السمك لا خمس فيه ؟ قال :
لأنه كالماء ولا خمس فيه. تمت الكتاب (!) أصول الفقه المسمى شاشي
(!) من تصانيف الشيخ أبو (!) بكر الشاشي...
In the margin and between the lines are many notes. Scholars'
notes can also be found on fols. 1-2r and 109v-110v.
Ms. 13.
84 folios; 12,5×18cm; 15 lines; small naskhi, single words are
written in red ink or overlined. Smooth, thin and in part
brownish paper. Fol. 8v is damp-stained with some loss of text.
Pasteboard binding with red leather spine; covers and flap with
leather frame. Hand of the 12th/18th century.
[2025] fols. 1v-38v: Muhammad Ibn Faramurz
Molla Khosraw محمد بن فرامرز ملا خسرو
: Mirqat al-wusul ila ilm al-usul
مرقاة الوصول إلى علم الأصول .
The Ms. does not mention the author; compare, however, the
beginning of Ms. Princeton no. 949. On the author (died
885/1480) and this text on theological and juridical terms → GAL
II 227 no.2 and S II 317 no.2.
As a comparison of the chapters on fol. 9v ff. shows, our text
has the same sections as a later text, written by the Zaidite
author al-Mansur billah al-Qasim Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ali Ibn Rasul
Allah المنصور بالله القاسم بن محمد بن
علي بن رسول الله (died 1029/1620; → GAL II 405; S II
558f.): compare the chapters in his much shorter work with the
same title in Ms. Berlin 10299. The following pages are blank.
[2026] fols. 41v-84v: Abu al-Barakat Abd
Allah Ibn Ahmad Ibn Mahmud al-Nasafi
أبو البركات عبد الله بن أحمد بن محمود النسفي : Manar
al-anwar fi usul al-fiqh منار الأنوار
في أصول الفقه .
On the author (died 710/1310) and his work on the principles of
law → GAL II 196 no.I and S II 263 no. I. Our Ms. does not
mention author and title; compare, however, Ms. Berlin 4385.
Other mss. related to usul al-fiqh: → text nos.
[2098],
[2353],
[2362],
[2408].
Fiqh: furu', fatawi
(hanafi) فروع، فتاوي (حنفي)
Ms. 14.
239 folios; 13,5×20,5 cm; 21 lines; small, regular Turkish
naskhi. The text is within a gold (fols.1-3r) and red frame;
title-page with vignette (with the colours blue, golden, red and
green). Smooth paper, sometimes spotted and damp-stained.
Original red leather binding; covers and flap with
centre-ornament and with a frame consisting of geometrical
lines; the inside is pasted with marbled paper. Fol. 1r with
owners' stamps: "Rashid Ibrahim" = Rashid Ibn Nu'man Ibn Uthman
Ibn Muhammad, Istanbul 1277/1860; al-Sabri Ibn Abd Allah
al-Khadimi, teacher (mudarris) of the Beyazit mosque in
Istanbul, 1221/1806 and Zarif Mustafa, 1268/1851-2. The Ms. was
copied by Ahmad Ibn al-Hajj Bashir Ibn Uthman Ibn Yusuf on 19
Safar 1094/17 February 1683.
[2027] fols. 1v-233v: al-Shaybani
الشيباني : al-Jami' al-saghir
الجامع الصغير , revised
version with commentary by Umar Ibn Abd al-Aziz Ibn Maza
عمر بن عبد العزيز بن مازة ,
called Jami' al-Sadr al-Shahid جامع
الصدر الشهيد .
This still unedited version is based on the redaction by Abu
Tahir Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Sufyan al-Dabbas
أبو طاهر محمد بن محمد بن سفيان الدباس
(Ms.: al-Dayyas الدياس
) al-Baghdadi البغدادي , who
died about 340/951. - On al-Shaybani (died 189/805) and his work
on Hanafite applied law in the commented revision by Ibn Maza
(died 536/1141) → GAS I 428 no. V e. Our Ms. mentions as author
the name "Husam al-a'imma Burhan al-Din Imam al-Haramayn
حسام الأئمة برهان الدين إمام الحرمين
" (fol.1v2); as a comparison with Ms. Berlin 4437 shows,
however, the text is composed by Ibn Maza. Sezgin (GAS I 429 j)
mentions " Burhan al-Din Imam al-Haramayn" - according to him
"most probably" from the 6th/12th century - as author of another
redaction of Shaybani’s al-Jami' al-saghir and refers to a Ms.
in the Zahiriya الظاهرية
(Damascus). This reference is
incorrect, however, and the source mentioned by Sezgin does not
confirm it. The entry in Sezgin is apparently based on a
misunderstanding and should be dropped, as it appears to be the
work by Ibn Maza. This work is mentioned in the new catalogue of
the Zahiriya as no. 8291: the Ms. has a different beginning and
is attributed to "Husam al-Din Umar Ibn Abd al-Aziz Ibn Umar Ibn
Maza al-Bukhari حسام الدين عمر بن عبد
العزيز بن عمر بن مازة البخاري ; s. Fahras makhtutat dar
al-kutub al-Zahiriya فهرس مخطوطات دار
الكتب الظاهرية , al-Fiqh al-hanafi
الفقه الحنفي II, ed. Muhammad
Muti' al-Hafiz محمد مطيع الحافظ
(Damascus 1401/1980), p.245. Our Ms. contains numerous
empty spaces; as a comparison with Ms. Berlin 4437 shows, they
had been assigned for a later addition of the chapter-headings.
Ms. 15.
77 folios; 14,5×20,3 cm; 23 lines. Small naskhi, tending to
nasta'liq. The text is written within a red frame;
chapter-headings are written in red ink and single words are
overlined in red. Original black cloth binding with dark brown
leather spine; in addition the corners of the covers are pasted
with leather. Owners' remarks on fols. 1r, 5r and 77, some in
Turkish. Hand of the 10th/16th century.
[2028] fols. 5v-75v: Abu al-Layth
al-Samarqandi أبو الليث السمرقندي
: Khizanat al-fiqh خزانة الفقه
.
On this short handbook on the Hanafite furu' and its author
(died 373/983 or later) → GAS I 446. The text was published
(together with the Uyun al-masa'il
عيون المسائل by Abu al-Layth) 1385-6/1965-7 in Baghdad by
Salah al-Din al-Nahi صلاح الدين
الناهي .
fols. 2v-4r contain an enumeration of all chapters. In the
margin are a few notes. On fols. 76r-v follow three short
excerpts on furu'.
Ms. 16.
51 folios; 11,2×19,4 cm; 17 lines; regular naskhi, tending to
nasta'liq. The text on fol. 9v-10r (beginning) is written within
a gold frame. Single words are written in red ink. Thick, smooth
paper, slightly spotted; fols. 9 and 50 are slightly damaged.
Original leatherbinding; covers and flap are decorated with
geometrical lines and points and their inside is pasted with
marbled paper. Owner's remark on fol. 1r: Mustafa Ibn Hasan
al-Turkmani. Hand of the 11-12th/17-18th century.
[2029] fols. 8v-9r: Muhammad Ibn Sa'id
al-Busiri محمد بن سعيد البوصيري
: al-Qasida al-Mudariya fi al-salat ala khayr al-bariya
القصيدة المدرية في الصلاة على خير
البرية .
On the author (died 694/1294) and this poem in praise of the
Prophet → GAL I 267 no. V and S I 472 no. V. The text contains
26 verses; according to other mss. the poem consists of 34 or 40
verses: → Ms. Berlin 7840.
[2030] fols. 9v-49v: Siraj al-Din Qari'
al-Hidaya سراج الدين قارئ الهداية
: al-Fatawi al-Sirajiya
الفتاوي السراجية .
The formal legal opinions of Qari' al-Hidaya (died 829/1426)
were collected by his pupil Kamal al-Din Ibn Humam al-Hanafi
كمال الدين بن همام الحنفي
(died 861/1457). The collection
contains juridical questions by a judge and the answers by Qari'
al-Hidaya. On further mss. of this still unedited text → GAL II
81 and S II 91.
The text of Ms. Berlin 4824 ends with fol. 48r 8 in our Ms.,
which has seven more questions and answers.
End:
وقال في مكان آخر هو إن لا اعتقاد لها
ولا نصّا ولا حرمة بشيء من الأشياء وفي قبول توبته روايتان ترجح
قبول توبته. ولله الحمد والمنّة. تمّ ذلك وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد
وآله وصحبه وسلّم وحسبنا الله ونعم الوكيل ولا حول ولا قوة إلا
بالله العلي العظيم وغفر الله تعالى لمؤلّفه وكاتبه وقارئه ولملكه
والناظر فيه ولجميع المسلمين آمين يا ربّ العالمين. تمّ.
An enumeration of all 279 questions can be found on fols. 1v-8v.
In the margin are a few notes. On fol. 50r follows a short
prayer by Abu Su'ud Efendi أبو سعود
أفندي ; cf. Daiber, Catalogue, no. 227. - Fol. 50v
contains some notes, in part in Turkish.
Ms. 17.
105 folios; 18×26,8 cm; 13 lines; carefully written and
partially vocalized naskhi. Chapter-headings are written in
thuluth. Brownish, somewhat thick paper, partially damp-stained
and repaired. Original leatherbinding, slightly damaged; covers
and flap are decorated with geometrical lines and dots; covers
with centre-ornaments. The inside of the covers is pasted with
green-gold coloured paper in which ornamental flowers (in white)
are impressed; on the bottom of the front-cover's inside is
printed with capital letters "OHANN". Owner's remark on fol. 6r:
al-Sayyid Hafiz Salih Ibn al-Hajj Muhammad Qawuqji-zade. Owner's
stamp on fol. 6v and 7r (illegible). Hand of the 10th/16th
century.
[2031] fols. 6v-105v: Abu al-Barakat Abd
Allah Ibn Ahmad Ibn Mahmud al-Nasafi
أبو البركات عبد الله بن أحمد بن محمود النسفي : Kanz
al-daqa'iq fi al-furu' كنز الدقائق في
الفروع .
On the author (died 710/1310) and this work on Hanafite applied
fiqh, of which there are a number of commentaries, several
printings in the 19th century and a translation into Persian →
GAL II 196 no. III and S II 265 no. III. According to the
introduction it is a summary, made by Nasafi, of his al-Wafi fi
al-furu' الوافي في الفروع .
In the margin and between the lines are a few notes. Fol. 1v-5v
give an enumeration of all chapters. The Ms. is incomplete at
the end (perhaps one folio is missing).
Ms. 18.
158 folios; 14,5×20 cm; 23 lines; Turkish naskhi, written by at
least three different hands. Single words and chapter-headings
are written in red ink or overlined. Thick, smooth paper,
slightly water-stained and spotted. Modern red leather covers
with flap, each with a gold frame and with a centre-ornament
which is filled with flowers. Copied (at least fol. 111 till the
end) by Yusuf Ibn Mahmud Ibn Yusuf Ibn Abd al-Nabi in the month
Dhu al-Hijja 1095/November 1684.
[2032] fols. 2v-157v: Tahir Ibn Islam Ibn
Qasim al-Ansari al-Khwarizmi طاهر بن
إسلام بن قاسم الأنصاري الخوارزمي : Kitab Jawahir al-fiqh
كتاب جواهر الفقه .
On the author (wrote 771/1369) and on more mss. of his still
unedited work on the Hanafite furu', a compilation from many
works, → GAL I 80 no. 1 and S I 89 no.1. Tahir al-Khwarizmi
mentions his sources on fol. 3r-5r and gives us an idea of his
broad knowledge of theology (with special preference for eastern
theology of the school of Maturidi
الماتريدي ) and fiqh of his time. Remarkable is his
extensive use of fatwa فتوى
-collections in the section on furu'. The description and
enumeration of chapters in the catalogue of Ms. Berlin 3520
gives an idea of the contents. - A list of all chapters is given
in our Ms. on fol. 2r. A few notes (in part in Turkish) can be
found on fol. 1r, 157v-158r and in the margin.
Ms. 19.
486 folios; 15×21,2 cm; 27 lines; carefully written Turkish
naskhi; single sentences are written in red ink. The text is
within a golden frame; its beginning (fol. 8v) has a vignette
with the colours gold, blue, red, green and brown; fol. 4v has a
vignette with the colours gold, blue and green. Thin, slightly
worm-eaten paper. Original black leather binding with a gold
medallion in the middle and in the corners of the covers which
are damaged and worm-eaten. Between covers and book is a marbled
wrapper. Owners' stamps on fol. 8r, one (as on fol. 483v) with
the year 1227/1812; Owner's name: Muhammad Qudsi Halimzade and
the date Rabi' I 1206/end October 1791. The copy was ordered by
Muhammad Khalil Efendi al-Muradi and accomplished by Mustafa Ibn
Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Mahmud al-Kanji on 10 Muharram 1194/17
January 1780.
[2033] fols. 8v-485v: Muhammad Ibn Ali
al-Haskafi محمد بن علي الحسكفي
: al-Durr al-mukhtar: Sharh Tanwir al-absar
الدر المختار : شرح تنوير الأبصار
(by Shihab al-Din Ahmad al-Timirtashi
شهاب الدين أحمد التمرتشي ).
A voluminous commentary by al-Haskafi (died 1088/1677) on
al-Timirtashi (died 1004/1595), Tanwir al-absar wa-jami'
al-bihar تنوير الأبصار وجامع البحار
, a compendium of the Hanafite furu'. The commentary is
only accessible in old printings of the 19th century published
in India; → GAL S II 428 no. 1b.
The beginning of the text differs from Ms. Berlin 4623. Fol.
4v-7r contain an enumeration of all chapters. These folios as
well as three preceding folios are not included in the Arabic
numbering of the pages.
Ms. 20.
267 folios; 16×22 cm; 27 lines; unvocalized naskhi; single words
are written in red ink. European paper with watermarks. Cloth
binding with red leather spine and flap. Copied by Muhammad Ibn
Hasan al-Baytar at the end of Muharram 1296/ca. 25 January 1879.
[2034] fols. 9v-265v: Abu Abd Allah Kamal
al-Din Muhammad Ibn Hamza al-Harrani al-Hanafi al-Maturidi
أبو عبد الله كمال الدين محمد بن حمزة
الحراني الحنفي الماتريدي: Kitab Nahj al-najat ila
al-masa'il al-muntaqat كتاب نهج
النجاة إلى المسائل المنتقاة .
The author is only mentioned in Kahhale XI 163 with the name
Muhammad Ibn Kamal al-Din Ibn Muhammad Ibn Husayn Ibn Muhammad
Ibn Hamza al-Husayni al-Hanafi محمد
بن كمال الدين بن محمد بن حسين بن محمد بن حمزة الحسيني الحنفي
(died 1085/1674). Two more mss. of this work on applied law are
Princeton no.1241 and Köprülü no. 658. - Isma'il Pasha
al-Baghdadi, Idah II p.695 ascribes the text to Izz al-Din Abu
al-Abbas Hamza Ibn Ahmad al-Husayni al-Sharif al-Dimashqi
al-Shafi'i عز الدين أبو العباس حمزة
بن أحمد الحسيني الشريف الدمشقي الشافعي (died
874/1469-70). This cannot be correct, however, as the text
refers to later works, e.g. (fol. 85v7) to Mu'in al-mufti
معين المفتي by Muhammad Ibn
Abd Allah al-Arabi محمد بن عبد الله
العربي , who wrote ± 986/1577 (→ GAL II 311; S II 427). -
The description of the above-mentioned Köprülü manuscript
correctly mentions as date of death the end of the 11th/17th
century; the catalogue of Köprülü library gives as name of the
author: Muhammad Ibn Kamal al-Din Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn
Husayn Ibn Kamal al-Din Muhammad Ibn al-Sayyid Hamza al-Husayni
al-Hanafi al-Dimashqi mawlidan al-Harrani aslan wa-mahtidan
محمد بن كمال الدين محمد بن محمد بن
حسين بن كمال الدين محمد بن السيد حمزة الحسيني الحنفي الدمشقي
مولدا الحراني أصلا ومحتدا (Catalogue I p. 318).
The Köprülü Ms. ends with fol. 265r24 of our Ms., which
continues with an epilogue enumerating some of the sources which
the author used. After this enumeration we are informed by the
author that he finished his book on 18 Dhu al-Hijja 1080/8 May
1670.
In the margin the copyist repeated keywords and sentences. Fol.
5v-6v give an enumeration of the chapter-titles (in red ink) and
the subsections. The chapter-titles are:
al-Tahara الطهارة (fol.
9v-26r); al-Salat الصلاة
(26r-62r); al-Zakat
الزكاة
(62r-65r); al-Sawm
الصوم
(65r-70r); al-Hajj
الحج
(70r-72r); al-Nikah
النكاح
(72r-83r); al-Talaq
الطلاق
(83r-102v); al-Itq wa-fihi
al-tadbir wa-al-istilad العتق
وفيه التدبير والاستيلاد
(102v-108r); al-Iman الإيمان
(108r-114r); al-Hudud
wa-al-ta'zir الحدود والتعزير
(114r-120r); al-Jihad
wa-fihi alfaz al-islam wa-al-kufr
الجهاد وفيه ألفاظ الإسلام والكفر
(120r-129v); al-Laqit
wa-al-luqta اللقيط واللقطة
(129v-131v); al-Abiq
wa-al-mafqud الآبق والمفقود
(131v-134r); al-Shirka
الشركة
(134r-137v); al-Waqf
الوقف
(137v-147v); al-Bay'
البيع
(147v-157v); al-Kafala
wa-al-hawala الكفالة والحوالة
(157v-162v); al-Qada'
القضاء
(162v-168v); al-Shahadat
الشهادات
(168v-176v); al-Da'wa
الدعوى
(176v-183r); al-Wakala
الوكالة
(183r-185v); al-Iqrar
الإقرار
(185v-189v); al-Sulh
الصلح
(189v-193r); al-Mudaraba
المضاربة
(193r-196r); al-Wadi'a
الوديعة
(196r-201r); al-Ariya
العارية
(201r-204r); al-Hiba
الهبة
(204r-207r); al-Ijara
الإجارة
(207r-218v); al-Makatib
المكاتب
(218v-221r); al-Wala'
الولاء
(221r-222v); al-Ikrah
الإكراه
(222v-227r); al-Hajr
الحجر
(227r-229v); al-Ma'dhun
المأذون
(229v-230v); al-Ghasb
الغصب
(231r-234v); al-Shuf'a
الشفعة
(234v-237r); al-Qisma
القسمة
(237r-238r); al-Shurb
الشرب
(238r-239v); al-Sayd
wa-al-dhaba'ih wa-al-udhiya الصيد
والذبائح والأضحية
(239v-243r); al-Khatar wa-al-ibaha
الخطر والإباحة
(243r-249r); al-Rahn
الرهن
(249r-253v); al-Muzara'a
wa-al-musaqah المزارعة والمساقاة
(253v-255v);
al-Jinayat الجنايات
(255v-259r); al-Wasaya
الوصايا
(259r-263r); al-Fara'id
الفرائض
(263r-265r).
Other mss. on fiqh hanafi: → text nos.
[2089],
[2338],
[2339],
[2343],
[2404] and
[2420].
فتوى مالكي Fiqh: fatwa
maliki.
Ms. 21.
25 folios; 14,5×22,2 cm; 20 lines; maghribi; title and single
words are written in red or yellow ink. Thick, smooth paper.
Copied 13 Sha'ban 1264/15 June 1848 by al-Arab Ibn al-Hajj
Muhammad Ibn al-Hajj al-Arab (fol. 24r).
[2035] fols. 1v-6v: Abd al-Qadir Ibn Muhi
al-Din Ibn Mustafa Ibn Muhammad Ibn al-Mukhtar Ibn Abd al-Qadir
al-Hasani al-Jaza'iri عبد القادر بن
محي الدين بن مصطفى بن محمد بن المختار بن عبد القادر الحسني
الجزائري: Husam al-din li-qat' shubah al-murtaddin.
Ajwibat Amir al-mu'minin Sayyid al-Hajj Abd al-Qadir Ibn Muhi
al-Din حسام الدين لقطع شبه المرتدين.
أجوبة أمير المؤمنين سيد الحاج عبد القادر بن محي الدين.
On the author (1222/1807-1300/1883) who was engaged in the fight
against the French → GAL II 509; S II 886f.; Kahhale V 304-305.
Our treatise on those who enter into a covenant of protection (
dhimma ذمة ) with an
unbeliever ( kafir كافر ) is
nowhere mentioned.
Beginning:
الحمد لله حمدا يوافى نعمه ويكافى ...
وبعد: يأخي إني رأيتك متعطشا لسماع كلام ساداتنا في هؤلاء الذين
ركبوا الكافر ودخلوا تحت ذمّته شعوبا وقبائل أصاغر وأكابر فأجبت
إذا كان أذكر لك...
End:
... فلا تقتل المرأة لأنها لم تحارب.
وفي هذا كفاية لمن كان له قلب أو ألقى السمع وهو شهيد. تمّ بحمد
الله وحسن عونه ما قصدناه جوابا لسؤال بعض المحبّين وقطعا لشبه
المرتدّين ونحن مرابطون لا كتاب معنا... انتهت بحمد الله وحسن عونه
وتوفيقه آمين.
According to the colophon the text was written by the author
during 1258/1842, five years before he surrendered to the
French.
[2036] fols. 7r-10v: Abd al-Qadir Ibn Muhi
al-Din عبد القادر بن محي الدين
: An answer to a question by Ali al-Rasuli al-Fasi
علي الرسولي الفاسي .
The chapter-heading is: wa-min ba'd nass li-su'al min al-Sayyid
al-Hajj Abd al-Qadir ومن بعض نص لسؤال
من السيد الحاج عبد القادر.
The text is perhaps part of the preceding text as it, too, deals
with those who enter a covenant with unbelievers and even fight
together with them.
[2037] fols. 10v-24r: Muhammad Ulaysh
al-Maliki al-Maghribi al-Azhari محمد
عليش المالكي المغربي الأزهري : al-Masa'il al-jihadiya
المسائل الجهادية .
Answers by Ulaysh (died 1299/1881), a contemporary of Abd
al-Qadir Ibn Muhi al-Din عبد القادر
بن محي الدين (s. above) to questions about those who
enter a covenant of protection with unbelievers. The title is
mentioned neither in Brockelmann (GAL II 486; S II 738f.) nor in
Kahhale (IX 12). Our text (copied 1848) is written before Ulaysh
became Mufti مفتي the
Malikites in Egypt (in 1270/1853).
Beginning:
ما قولكم في إقليم من المسلمين هجم
الكافر العدو...
End:
... مع اختيارهم للإقامة والعمل على
غير استقامة والله سبحانه وتعالى أعلم وبه التوفيق.
[2038] fols. 24v-25r: Mustafa al-Fallaqi
مصطفى الفلاقي : Answer to a
question about those who entered into a covenant with
unbelievers.
The author was Imam and teacher at the Azhar-mosque in Cairo, a
contemporary of the preceding two persons; they wrote shortly
before 1264/1848, the date of the copy.
شيعي Fiqh: shi'i
Ms. 22.
257 folios; 17,5×25 cm; 21 lines; unvocalized naskhi, in part
without diacritical points. Notes in the margin of fol. 3r.
Yellowish-brownish paper, the last two folios are repaired (with
some loss of text). Original brown leatherbinding. Copied Jumada
II 1041/December 1631 (fol. 110r), Rajab 1041/January 1632 (fol.
129r) and Sha'ban 1041/February 1632 (fols. 174v and 255r).
Owner's stamp on fol. 2r (Isma'il Ibn Muhammad Qasim); according
to a note on the same page Muhammad Rasul Ibn Abd al-Aziz became
the new owner of the Ms. during Rabi' I 1228/March 1813.
[2039] fols. 2v-255r: Abu Ja'far Muhammad
Ibn Ya'qub al-Kulini (al-Kulayni) أبو
جعفر محمد بن يعقوب الكليني : al-Kafi fi ilm al-din
الكافي في علم الدين , a
section from the furu' فروع .
The ms. contains the chapters on al-Nikah
النكاح
(2v-110r), al-Aqiqa
العقيقة
(110v-129r), al-Talaq
الطلاق
(129v-174v), al-Hudud
الحدود
(175r-212r) and al-Diyat
الديات
(212r-255r). These chapters
correspond to the printed text (Teheran 1961) vol. V pp. 320-574
and vol. VI pp. 2-53 (= Kitab al-Nikah
كتاب النكاح ); vol. VI pp.
54-176 (= Kitab al-Aqiqa كتاب
العقيقة ; Kitab al-Talaq كتاب
الطلاق ); vol. VII pp. 174-270 and 271-377 (= Kitab
al-Hudud كتاب الحدود ; Kitab
al-Diyat كتاب الديات ).
On the author (died 328/939 or 329/940-1) and his Kafi, the
oldest Shiite collection of laws based on hadith → GAS I 540f.;
W. Madelung, art. al-Kulayni in EI2; Halm, Schia p.50f.
Ayatullah al-Azmi al-Sayyid Husayn al-Tabataba'i al-Barujirdi
آية الله العظمي السيد حسين الطباطبائي
البروجردي , Tajrid asanid al-Kafi
تجريد أسانيد الكافي , I-II,
Qom 1409/1988-9 lists the transmitters of all traditions. - The
Kafi became one of the four canonical collections on which Imami
law is based. Still unknown is its relation to older corpora
juris which, like those by Malik Ibn Anas
مالك بن أنس (died 179/795; →
GAS I 457ff.), his pupil al-Shaybani
الشيباني (died 189/805; → GAS I 421ff.) and the moderate
Shiite Abd al-Razzaq Ibn Hammam عبد
الرزاق بن همام (died 211/827; → GAS I 99; cf. his
Musannaf fi al-hadith مصنف في الحديث
, I-XI, Beirut 1970-2), rely more on traditions than on
individual judgement (ra'y رأي
).
Ms. 23.
115 folios; 18,5×25,5 cm; 17 lines; naskhi; chapter-headings and
single words are written in red ink; some words are overlined in
red. Smooth, slightly brownish paper, sometimes repaired. Black
leatherbinding, rubbed; remnants of a centre-medallion on the
covers. Hand of the 12th/18th century.
[2040] fols. 1v-115 |
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